5). Architecture and Interface:
5.1). ICS Architecture and Interface:
Figure - ICS Architecture: http://docs.google.com/View?id=ddh56dhg_317ccr5n8vv
5.2). (I1) UE – SCC AS
§ The I1 reference point is used between the UE and the SCC AS for service control signalling over CS access.
§ I1 reference point is optional and implemented using USSD transport via CS network elements.
The I1 performs the following functions:
§ session set up via CS access for mobile originating & terminating sessions;
§ signalling for additional IMS parameter exchange during session setup;
§ IMS services control via CS access.
§ The ICS User Agent (IUA) function provides SIP UA behavior on behalf of the UE for setup and control of for IMS sessions using CS bearers that are established with or without the use of Gm (via SIP) or I1 (via USSD) between the ICS UE and the SCC AS.
5.3). (I2) MSC Server (IMSC) – CSCF
§ The I2 reference point shall be used to route service control signalling between the MSC Server enhanced for ICS and the home IMS.
§ I2 is used, when the MSC is enhanced for IMS centralized services, to convert CS signaling to IMS signaling (SIP protocol)
§ The Mw in TS 23.228 together with ICS specific extensions shall be used over the I2 reference point.
5.4). (I3) MSC Server (IMSC) – TAS
§ For a UE not supporting multimedia telephony, the MSC Server enhanced for ICS may implement a communication service setting conversion function between CS signalling via I3.
§ The I3 reference point shall be used between the MSC Server enhanced for ICS and the TAS to interwork CS signalling and communication service setting procedures
§ Configuration of supplementary services by the user should:
o take place over the Ut interface using XCAP as enabling protocol
o use SIP based user configuration
5.5). ICCF – IMSC: for ICS asscoication between ICCF and IMSC
Option 1: New Diameter exchange upon CS Attach
Option 2: New USSD exchange upon CS Attach
Option 3: Use of SIP REGISTER upon CS Attach
§ The following options are possible for implementation of the ICS Association between the ICCF and the IMSC.
Option 1: Diameter exchange upon CS Attach
§ Figure illustrates use of Diameter to establish the ICS Association between the ICCF and the IMSC upon CS Attach.
§ Figure: http://docs.google.com/View?id=ddh56dhg_311fjcdnrth
§ The HSS maintains the ICS subscription information, as well as subscriber location to aid in determining the IMSC contact address as part of the subscriber data.
§ Upon Location Update from an IMSC, this information is pushed down to the ICCF over the Sh or MAP interface. With the use of this information, the ICCF initiates a dialogue with the IMSC to establish the ICS Association.
§ A new Diameter interface between the ICCF and the IMSC is used for establishment of the ICS Association (Step
§ After the ICS Association has been established for a ICS UE, the IMSC initiates a SIP REGISTER for the UE if it's a non ICS UE or a ICS UE using I1-cs.
Option 2: USSD exchange upon CS Attach
§ The IMSC uses UE initiated USSD procedure toward the ICCF upon CS Attach to establish the ICS Association.
§ Figure below illustrates use of USSD to establish the ICS Association between the ICCF and the IMSC upon CS Attach.
§ After the ICS Association has been established for a ICS UE, the IMSC initiates a SIP REGISTER for the UE if it's a non ICS UE or a ICS UE using I1-cs.
§ This option eliminates the need for MAP/Sh enhancements and/or a new Diameter interface between the ICCF and the IMSC.
§ Figure: http://docs.google.com/View?id=ddh56dhg_3138dk65qgq
Option 3: Use of SIP REGISTER upon CS Attach
§ Upon CS Attach, the IMSC establishes the ICS Association as part of the SIP REGISTER; SIP extensions may be required to exchange ICS information as part of IMS Registration via CS access.
§ This option eliminates the need for new interface or USSD
§ But this option requires local VPLMN configuration of ICS subscription for ICS users as the IMSC shall only redirect ICS users to IMS.
5.6). (I5) ICCF – TAS: (TBC later)
5.7). (Mc) MSC server – CS-MGW
§ The Mc is established between the MSC Server enhanced for ICS and the CS-MGW.
§ MSC Server controls the MGW functions to enable the interworking between CS access and RTP bearers.
6). ICS Functional Entity
In 3GPP ICS Spec:
§ ICCF defines in R8 and
§ ICCF in R8 includes CAAF, RUA and RPC
§
§
6.1). FE: UE enhanced for ICS
The ICS UE is an IMS UE enhanced with ICS capability. The ICS UE provides the following functions:
§ Communicates with the SCC AS for service control signalling.
§ Establishes the Bearer Control Signalling Path to setup the media through the CS domain.
§ Executes ADS (Access Domain Selection) for originating sessions
§ Assists the SCC AS in the execution of T-ADS (Terminating-ADS) if Gm is used.
The ICS UE uses the Gm reference point when using the PS network for service control signalling.
6.2). FE: ICS Enhanced MSC Server (IMSC)
§ The MSC Server (e.g. as described in TS 23.002) may be enhanced for the support of ICS.
§ In addition to the standard MSC Server behavior, an MSC Server which has been enhanced for ICS provides the following for an identified ICS user:
§ It processes the user-network signalling received over the CS access (e.g. A/Iu and E interface) for interworking with IMS SIP and vice versa.
§ It controls the MGW functions described in TS 23.002 to enable the interworking between CS access and RTP bearers.
§ It performs the interworking to support multimedia call in ICS.
§ It may implement a communication service setting conversion function between CS signalling (e.g. as described in TS 24.010 for systems based on TS 24.008) and communication service setting procedures (as defined in TS 24.173).
§ For subscribers not identified as ICS users, the MSC Server functionality is unchanged.
§ MSC Server enhancements for ICS are not required for the support of an ICS UE.
6.3). FE: Application Server (ICS AS)
The ICCF provides the following roles:
§ CS Access Adaptation Function (CAAF) in R8
§ Remote User Agent (RUA) in R8
§ Remote Provisioning Client (RPC) in R8
The ICS AS provides the following roles:
§ ICS User Agent (IUA) in R9
§ Terminating Access Domain Selection (T-ADS) in R9 Spec Enhancement
The SCC AS provides the following roles:
§ CS Access Adaptation (CAA) in R9
§ ICS User Agent (IUA) in R9
§ Terminating Access Domain Selection (T-ADS) in R9 Spec Enhancement
§ CS Access Adaptation Function (CAAF) in R8 and CAA in R9
§ The CAAF is not employed in the ICCF and the UE when the I1-ps is used.
§ Note: CAAF is not used when using SIP for the ICCC.
§ The CS Access Adaptation (CAA) is an (ICCF internal) adaptation function for the service control signalling communicated transparently via the CS domain CS access transport between the UE and the IMS (
§ The CAA is only used when using the CS network for communication of service control signalling.
§ The CAAF can also be used as an adaptation function for requests for communication services setting modifications.
§ The CAAF conveys the information received from the ICS UE over CS access signalling to ICCF functions such as the RUA and RPC, and vice versa.
§ The CAA processes the service control signalling received via the CS access for interworking with other IMS functional elements.
§ The Remote CS Access Adaptation Function (R-CAAF) resides in the ICCF with a Local CS Access Adaptation Function (L-CAAF) provided in the ICS UE.
6.3B). ICS User Agent (IUA):
§ Remote User Agent (RUA) in R8 and IUA in R9
§ Performs SIP User Agent functions on behalf of the ICS UE for IMS voice sessions established using CS voice bearers.
§ The RUA uses the information received from the CAAF for initiation and control of SIP sessions.
§ The ICS User Agent (IUA) function provides SIP UA behavior on behalf of the UE for setup and control of for IMS sessions using CS bearers that are established with or without the use of Gm (via SIP) or I1 (via USSD) between the ICS UE and the SCC AS.
§ For IMS sessions established using Gm or I1 between the ICS UE and the SCC AS, the IUA combines the service control signalling with the description of the bearer, e.g. SDP, established via the CS access to present a standard IMS session on behalf of the UE.
Combines the CS call established between the UE and the RUA to set up a voice bearer
§ UE Leg: Enables the completion of the call leg towards the UE - as the
§ RUA Leg: Presents the session through the S-CSCF toward the other party, on a call leg - as the
§ The TAS (MMTel) and other Application Servers are executed on the RUA Leg as part of standard service execution logic at the S-CSCF. (Same IMS procedure as MMTel in 3GPP)
§ The UE Leg and the RUA Leg form a B2BUA at the RUA
§ T-ADS: New Enhancement in R9
Terminating Access Domain Selection (T-ADS) provides:
§ Directs an incoming session to an ICS User;
§ For one or more UEs of an ICS User (multiple UEs allowed)
§ Influences the selection of one or more contacts amongst the registered contacts and;
§ Influences the selection of an access network for delivery of the incoming session to the selected contact,
§ Performs breakout to the CS Domain by fetching the CSRN.
§ The T-ADS has two functions, the selection function and the execution function.
§ The selection and execution function of the T-ADS are provided by the same AS.
§ The execution function of the T-ADS is in the last IMS application server in the terminating iFC.
§ For a network requiring T-ADS but which does not implement the ICCF, the last AS is not specified (one candidate is
UE T-ADS:
The UE may assist the T-ADS. The UE assisted T-ADS (UE T-ADS), based on configuration that takes into account operator policy and local access network capabilities, performs the following:
§ Detect media that is candidate for delivery over the CS domain associated with an incoming INVITE,
§ Identify the domain in which the session is to be established (CS or PS).
§ Determines the mechanism to complete the establishment (origination or termination) - applicable to sessions to be established in the CS domain only.
§ Notifies the SCC AS of the mechanism the establishment will be completed on - if possible.
§ When T-ADS-IMS selects the IMS access (e.g. selected I1-ps or just using IP-CAN) to deliver the termination session, the T-ADS in the UE (UE T-ADS) can indicate to the T-ADS-IMS whether voice session should be delivered via CS access and whether I1-ps or I1-cs should be used for continuing the session setup.
UE T-ADS may use the following information to determine the response to T-ADS-IMS.
§ ICS capable IMS network.
§ Access network currently on.
§ User preference and Operator policy.
§ Any other information that the UE can be used to determine the media capabilities of the IP-CAN.
6.3D). Remote Provisioning Client (RPC) in R8
§ The Remote Provisioning Client (RPC) is an ICCF internal adaptation function for the communication setting modifications signalling between CS domain and IMS.
§ The RPC conveys communication setting modifications information received from the ICS UE over CS access signalling to the TAS (MMTel) via I5 interface.
§ The settings to be modified are defined by as part of the definition of current IMS procedures (e.g. MMTel for standardized supplementary services).
6.4). FE: TAS for ICS
§ The TAS shall allow an ICS User to manipulate the communication service settings using only one of the following mechanisms:
- communication service settings via the MSC Server enhanced for ICS (via I3)
- communication service settings directly from the UE (via Ut)
7). ICS Reference Architectures (ICCC, I1-cs, I1-ps and ICCF)
7.1). The IMS CS Control Channel (ICCC) (I1-cs and I1-ps):
Two different methods of call control have been documented for initiation of ICS UE sessions established using CS bearers:
§ Method 1: Using ICCC (either ICCC-ps: SIP with I1-ps or ICCC-cs: ICCP/USSD with I1-cs)
§ Method 2: Using CAMEL based redirection to IMS
§ Such mid-call services are e.g. conferencing, call transfer, call hold and resume, that in GSM (global system for mobile communication) are executed in the CS domain in a VMSC (visited mobile switching center), but in the ICS system, these should be executed in the IMS as instead.
§ For this purpose, the ICS has described two main solutions, I1-cs and I1-ps, that are protocol alternatives what a so-called ICS UE can use to control the IMS services while engaged to a CS call.
§ The ICCC between the UE and the ICCF can in principle be established
§ Established over CS domain network, or over GPRS
ICCC-cs (I1-cs):
o A new IMS CS Call Control Protocol (ICCP) on top of USSD when using GSM CS networks.
o Transport mechanism for I1-cs is USSD
o over the CS domain network is referred to as I1-cs
ICCC-ps (I1-ps):
o SIP transport when using GPRS EDGE capable of DTM, or UMTS networks.
o Transport mechanism for I1-ps is a PS bearer.
o over the PS domain is referred to as I1-ps.
§ This is a logical control channel, established between the UE and an IMS network element for establishment and/or service control of IMS sessions using CS voice bearers
§ ICCC only applies to MMTel services.
§ An implicit call control signalling channel (ICCC) used to transport call control signalling between the ICS UE or L-CAAF-n and the IMS when accessing IMS services via the CS domain
§ IP connectivity is needed between the L-CAAF-n and ICCF for the support of ICCC.
§ For I1-cs, the USSD transport mechanism does not offer as much bandwidth as the PS bearer so when using the USSD transport mechanism the limited bandwidth has to be taken into account and a suitable IMS CS Control Protocol (ICCP) is required.
7.2). Information Exchange between the ICS UE and the ICCF
§ This may be achieved by using a new SIP event package or USSD exchange between the ICS UE and the ICCF. The following information is exchange:
o UE's ICS capability.
o ICCC capability of the HPLMN and VPLMN - type of ICCC expected for use with the current network attachment.
§ ICS UE shall be able to learn whether both HPLMN and the VPLMN supports ICCC; i.e. whether I1-ps and/or I1-cs (type) or neither are supported.
§ UE needs this information e.g. to determine whether it should use the ICCC in call initiations
§ Non-ICS UE does not need to learn the home or visited network support for ICS.
§ ICS UE could establish a circuit switch data connection and run Ut over it.
7.3). IMS CS Control Function (ICCF)
IMS CS Control Function (ICCF) provides functions necessary
§ for provision of IMS services for calls originated or terminated over CS access networks,
§ for calls transferred between CS and PS access networks
§ for communication services setting modifications over I1-cs.
§ ICCF capability can merge / split two SIP sessions in the case of I1-ps on its own, namely the SIP session over the session control signalling path via PS access and the SIP session for the bearer control signalling path
§ Communicate parameters required to identify sessions for domain transfer / session transfer between the ICS UE and ICCF using either I1-ps or I1-cs
§ ICCF is invoked as the first
§ ICCF needs to be ensured that the AS implementing DTF of VCC Application is either second for originating calls or second last for terminating calls.
7.4). Service Control Signalling Path and Bearer Control Signalling Path on (SCC AS) ICS
§ A Service Control Signalling Path is used to transport service control signalling between the ICS UE and the SCC AS, for enabling IMS services when using CS or PS access.
§ For ICS UE sessions, the SCC AS combines the service control signalling received over the Service Control Signalling Path with the description of the bearer established via the CS network to present an IMS session on behalf of the UE.
§ The service control signalling elements from Gm / I1 such as A party address shall be used together with the bearer description signalling received via CS bearer control signalling path to construct the signalling for the remote leg.
7.5). Reference Architecture: IMS CS Control Function (ICCF) for ICS-UE
§ The CAAF is not employed in the ICCF and the ICS-UE when the I1-ps is used.
§ The CAAF and RUA in the ICCF are required for this scenario
§ ICCF provides functions necessary for provision of IMS services for calls established over CS access networks and for calls transferred between CS and PS access networks.
§ ICCF is realized with an ISC interface (I2) to S-CSCF for both I1-cs and I1-ps.
7.6). Reference Architecture: IMS CS Control Function (ICCF) for Non-ICS-UE
§ Solution for non-ICS enabled (‘Legacy’) UEs
§ RUA provides SIP UA behavior for the UE using 3GPP Rel-07 VCC techniques
o Standard CS call control procedures used for setup of CS sessions CAMEL used for redirection of the CS sessions to IMS.
o SIP used for call control with the RUA providing SIP UA behavior on behalf of the UE for control of user sessions.
§ New HSS based mechanisms for call independent aspects such as interworking/alignment of supplementary services data across CS domain and IMS.
7.7). ICCC-ps: I1-ps solution for DTM capable GPRS EDGE and UMTS networks
§ Figure: http://docs.google.com/View?id=ddh56dhg_323fknw8vf3
§ ICCF is invoked as the first
§ ICCF needs to be ensured that the AS implementing DTF of VCC Application is either second for originating calls or second last for terminating calls.
§
§ 1b. UE sets up Bearer Control Signaling Session to establish the CS bearer
§ 2. ICCF Combines both service control signaling and bearer control sessions, invokes RUA (B2BUA) to present the combines session to S-CSCF; originating service execution at S-CSCF
§ The Gm reference point is used to realize the I1 reference point with use of 3GPP SIP signalling for registration and session control.
§ The ISC interface and the Ma reference point are used for PSI routing to the ICCF to establish voice bearer via the CS domain.
§ The ISC interface is used for realization of the I2 (SIP) reference point.
§ The Ut reference point is used for communication services setting modifications.
ICS UE session signalling and bearer path using Gm (SIP) over PS network for Service Control Signalling Path
§ The signalling and bearer paths established by the ICS UE are combined at the SCC AS when the Service Control Signalling Path is established via the PS network using the Gm reference point.
§ Upon session initiation, the ICS UE or the SCC AS establishes the Service Control Signalling Path for communication of service control signalling via the PS network using the Gm (via SIP) reference point.
§ The ICS UE also sets up the CS Bearer Control Signalling Path using standard CS network procedures to establish the circuit media.
§ The SCC AS combines the service control signalling received over the Service Control Signalling Path with the description of the bearer established using the CS Bearer Control Signalling Path by acting as a B2BUA as below:
o Access Leg: The Access Leg is formed with a combination of the Service Control Signalling Path and the CS Bearer Control Signalling Path.
o Remote Leg: The Remote Leg is presented by the SCC AS to the CSCF as an IMS session using IMS SIP signalling on behalf of the UE.
§ The TAS and other Application Servers are executed on the Remote Leg as part of standard service execution logic at the CSCF.
§ The SIP UA at the UE maintains the SIP/SDP state machine with the SCC AS also maintaining a copy of the state data.
7.8). ICCC-cs: I1-cs solution for non-PS GSM access networks:
§ Figure: http://docs.google.com/View?id=ddh56dhg_3195ww7t8c6
§ The A/Iu interface as well as the gsmSCF-HLR interface is used to realize the I1 reference point with use of USSD transport to carry information required to generate IMS signalling at the ICCF.
I1-cs approach: The ISC interface and the Ma reference point are used for PSI routing to the ICCF to establish voice bearer via the CS domain.
ICS UE session signalling and bearer path using I1 (via USSD) over CS network for Service Control Signalling Path
§ The signalling and bearer paths established by the UE are combined at the SCC AS when the Service Control Signalling Path is established via the CS network using the I1 (via USSD) reference point
§ Upon session initiation, the ICS UE or the SCC AS establishes the Service Control Signalling Path for communication of service control signalling via the CS network using the I1 (USSD) reference point.
§ In parallel, the ICS UE or the SCC AS sets up the CS Bearer Control Signalling Path using standard CS network procedures to establish the circuit media.
§ The SCC AS combines the Service Control Signalling Path with the bearer established using the CS Bearer Control Signalling Path by acting as a B2BUA as described above for the case of Service Control Signalling Path established via the PS network
7.9). Non-ICS UE Session signalling and bearer path using CS call control
§ The signalling and bearer paths for sessions are established using standard CS call control procedures and MSC Server.
§ Figure: http://docs.google.com/View?id=ddh56dhg_3214ptcbkd9
§ Upon session initiation, the UE or the remote end sets up a call and the call is directed to IMS using standard CS procedures; IN (e.g. CAMEL) triggers are used to redirect CS originated calls to IMS.
§ The SCC AS acts a B2BUA for presentation of the UA behavior on behalf of the UE to IMS.
§ The TAS and other Application Servers are executed on the Remote Leg as part of standard service execution logic at the CSCF
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